Chinsinsi cha Khungu ndi Kuchotsa Mawanga

1) Chinsinsi cha Khungu
Kusintha kwa mtundu wa khungu kumakhudzidwa makamaka ndi zinthu zitatu zotsatirazi.
1. Zomwe zili ndi kugawa kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana pakhungu zimakhudza eumelanin: ichi ndi mtundu waukulu wa pigment womwe umatsimikizira kuya kwa khungu, ndipo ndende yake imakhudza mwachindunji kuwala kwa khungu. Pakati pa anthu akuda, ma melanin granules ndi aakulu ndipo amagawidwa kwambiri; Pakati pa Asiya ndi Caucasus, ndizochepa komanso zobalalika. Pheomelanin: imapangitsa khungu kukhala lachikasu mpaka kamvekedwe kofiira. Zomwe zili ndi kugawa kwake zimatsimikizira kutentha ndi kuzizira kwa khungu, mwachitsanzo, anthu a ku Asia nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi melanin ya bulauni. Carotenoids ndi flavonoids: Izi ndi inki yakunja yochokera ku zakudya, monga kaloti, maungu, ndi zakudya zina zokhala ndi beta carotene, zomwe zimatha kuwonjezera mtundu wachikasu pakhungu.
2. Zomwe zili mu hemoglobini m'magazi a khungu zimatchedwa Oxyhemoglobin: Oxyhemoglobin, yomwe imakhala yofiira kwambiri komanso yochuluka pakhungu, ikhoza kupangitsa khungu kukhala lowoneka bwino komanso lathanzi. Deoxyhemoglobin: Hemoglobin yopanda okosijeni imawoneka yofiira kapena yofiirira, ndipo gawo lake m'magazi likakhala lalitali, khungu limatha kuoneka lotumbululuka.
3. Kuwonjezera pa zinthu zina, khungu limakhudzidwanso ndi kayendedwe ka magazi, kupanikizika kwa okosijeni, kuchuluka kwa mahomoni, ndi zinthu zachilengedwe monga kuwala kwa UV. Mwachitsanzo, kuwala kwa ultraviolet kumapangitsa ma melanocyte kupanga melanin yambiri kuteteza khungu kuti lisawonongeke.

2) Chinsinsi cha mtundu wa pigmentation

Madontho, omwe amadziwika kuti mabala a pigmentation, ndizochitika zakuda kwamtundu wa khungu. Atha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe, makulidwe, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndipo amakhala ndi magwero osiyanasiyana.

Madontho amatha kugawidwa pafupifupi mitundu iyi:
Mitsempha: Timbiri tating'ono, todziwika bwino, timadontho tofiirira tofiirira tomwe timawonekera pankhope ndi pakhungu lomwe nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi dzuwa.
Madontho a Dzuwa kapena Madontho a Zaka: Madonthowa ndi aakulu, kuyambira abulauni mpaka akuda, ndipo nthawi zambiri amapezeka pankhope, m’manja, ndi m’madera ena a zaka zapakati ndi okalamba amene akhala akukumana ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa kwa nthawi yaitali.
Melasma, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti "mawanga oyembekezera," nthawi zambiri imawoneka ngati zigamba zofiirira pankhope zomwe zimayenderana ndi kusintha kwa mahomoni.
Post inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH): Uwu ndi mtundu wa pigmentation womwe umapangidwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa pigment pambuyo pa kutupa, komwe kumawoneka pambuyo pa ziphuphu kapena kuwonongeka kwa khungu.

Ma genetic amathandizira kupanga mtundu: Mitundu ina ya mtundu, monga mawanga, imakhala ndi chibadwa chodziwika bwino cha m'banja. Kuwonekera kwa Ultraviolet: Kuwala kwa ultraviolet ndiko kumayambitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu, makamaka madontho a dzuwa ndi melasma. Miyezo ya mahomoni: Mimba, mankhwala olerera, kapena matenda a endocrine angayambitse kusintha kwa mahomoni, zomwe zimayambitsa kukula kwa melasma. Kutupa: Chilichonse chomwe chimayambitsa kutupa pakhungu, monga ziphuphu zakumaso, kupwetekedwa mtima, kapena kuyabwa, kumatha kuyambitsa mtundu wotupa. Zotsatira za mankhwala: Mankhwala ena, monga mankhwala enaake oletsa malungo ndi mankhwala amphamvu amphamvu, angayambitse kutulutsa mtundu. Khungu la khungu: Anthu omwe ali ndi khungu lakuda ndi omwe amakonda kukhala ndi mtundu wambiri.